Gin Web 框架

Gin是一款用Go（Golang）编写的Web框架. 它拥有 Martini-like API 的特性, 具有更好的性能, 速度较 httprouter
提高了40倍. 如果你需要表现和良好的生产力，你会爱上Gin.

最近更新

最近更新时间 2019.09.19 基于 Gin v1.4

目录

安装

要安装Gin package, 需要先安装Go并设置Go工作区.

1. 首先需要安装 Go
   ( version 1.10+ is required
   ), 然后你可以使用下面的Go命令来安装Gin.

   $ go get -u github.com/gin-gonic/gin

2. 导入你的项目代码中:

   import "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"

3. (可选的) 导入 net/http
   . 如果需要使用如 http.StatusOK
   的常量则需要这么做.

   import "net/http"

使用类似 Govendor
的 vendor 工具

1. go get
   govendor

   $ go get github.com/kardianos/govendor

2. 创建你的项目目录并且 cd
   到该目录中

   $ mkdir -p $GOPATH/src/github.com/myusername/project && cd "$_"

   如果你使用的是Mac并且已经安装Go 1.8或更高版本, GOPATH将由Go工具链自动确定。它默认为 $HOME/go
   on macOS, 因此您可以像这样创建项目:

   $ mkdir -p $HOME/go/src/github.com/myusername/project && cd "$_"

3. 初始化Vendor并引入gin包

   $ govendor init
   $ govendor fetch github.com/gin-gonic/gin@v1.3

4. 复制启动代码模板到你的项目中

   $ curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gin-gonic/examples/master/basic/main.go > main.go

5. 运行你的项目

   $ go run main.go

快速开始

# 假设example.go文件中包含以下代码
$ cat example.go

package main

import "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"

func main() {
    r := gin.Default()
    r.GET("/ping", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.JSON(200, gin.H{
            "message": "pong",
        })
    })
    r.Run() // listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
}

# 运行 example.go 并且在浏览器中访问 http://0.0.0.0:8080/ping
$ go run example.go

基准测试

Gin维护一个自定义版本的 HttpRouter

查看全部基准测试

Benchmark name	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)
BenchmarkGin_GithubAll	30000	48375	0	0
BenchmarkAce_GithubAll	10000	134059	13792	167
BenchmarkBear_GithubAll	5000	534445	86448	943
BenchmarkBeego_GithubAll	3000	592444	74705	812
BenchmarkBone_GithubAll	200	6957308	698784	8453
BenchmarkDenco_GithubAll	10000	158819	20224	167
BenchmarkEcho_GithubAll	10000	154700	6496	203
BenchmarkGocraftWeb_GithubAll	3000	570806	131656	1686
BenchmarkGoji_GithubAll	2000	818034	56112	334
BenchmarkGojiv2_GithubAll	2000	1213973	274768	3712
BenchmarkGoJsonRest_GithubAll	2000	785796	134371	2737
BenchmarkGoRestful_GithubAll	300	5238188	689672	4519
BenchmarkGorillaMux_GithubAll	100	10257726	211840	2272
BenchmarkHttpRouter_GithubAll	20000	105414	13792	167
BenchmarkHttpTreeMux_GithubAll	10000	319934	65856	671
BenchmarkKocha_GithubAll	10000	209442	23304	843
BenchmarkLARS_GithubAll	20000	62565	0	0
BenchmarkMacaron_GithubAll	2000	1161270	204194	2000
BenchmarkMartini_GithubAll	200	9991713	226549	2325
BenchmarkPat_GithubAll	200	5590793	1499568	27435
BenchmarkPossum_GithubAll	10000	319768	84448	609
BenchmarkR2router_GithubAll	10000	305134	77328	979
BenchmarkRivet_GithubAll	10000	132134	16272	167
BenchmarkTango_GithubAll	3000	552754	63826	1618
BenchmarkTigerTonic_GithubAll	1000	1439483	239104	5374
BenchmarkTraffic_GithubAll	100	11383067	2659329	21848
BenchmarkVulcan_GithubAll	5000	394253	19894	609

• (1): 在一定时间内不断重复执行, 值越高性能越好
• (2): 单次执行时间 (ns/op), 值越低越好
• (3): 堆内存占用 (B/op), 值越低越好
• (4): 每次执行平均分配内存 (allocs/op), 值越低越好

Gin v1. 稳定版本

通过 jsoniter
构建

Gin 使用 encoding/json
作为默认的json package, 不过你可以通过其他构建tag来替换当前 jsoniter
.

$ go build -tags=jsoniter .

API 示例

你可以在以下位置找到许多可立即运行的示例 Gin 示例仓库
.

使用 GET, POST, PUT, PATCH, DELETE and OPTIONS

func main() {
    // 使用默认中间件创建一个gin路由器:
    // logger and recovery (crash-free) middleware
    router := gin.Default()

    router.GET("/someGet", getting)
    router.POST("/somePost", posting)
    router.PUT("/somePut", putting)
    router.DELETE("/someDelete", deleting)
    router.PATCH("/somePatch", patching)
    router.HEAD("/someHead", head)
    router.OPTIONS("/someOptions", options)

    // By default it serves on :8080 unless a
    // PORT environment variable was defined.
    router.Run()
    // router.Run(":3000") for a hard coded port
}

path中的参数

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()

    // 此 handler 将会匹配 /user/john, 但不会匹配 /user/ 或 /user
    router.GET("/user/:name", func(c *gin.Context) {
        name := c.Param("name")
        c.String(http.StatusOK, "Hello %s", name)
    })

    // 然而, 这个路由将会匹配 /user/john/ 和 /user/john/send
    // If no other routers match /user/john, it will redirect to /user/john/
    router.GET("/user/:name/*action", func(c *gin.Context) {
        name := c.Param("name")
        action := c.Param("action")
        message := name + " is " + action
        c.String(http.StatusOK, message)
    })

    // 对于每个匹配的请求，Context将保存路由定义
    router.POST("/user/:name/*action", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.FullPath() == "/user/:name/*action" // true
    })

    router.Run(":8080")
}

查询字符串参数

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()

    // 使用现有的底层请求对象解析查询字符串参数
    // The request responds to a url matching:  /welcome?firstname=Jane&lastname=Doe
    router.GET("/welcome", func(c *gin.Context) {
        firstname := c.DefaultQuery("firstname", "Guest")
        lastname := c.Query("lastname") // shortcut for c.Request.URL.Query().Get("lastname")

        c.String(http.StatusOK, "Hello %s %s", firstname, lastname)
    })
    router.Run(":8080")
}

Multipart/Urlencoded 表单

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()

    router.POST("/form_post", func(c *gin.Context) {
        message := c.PostForm("message")
        nick := c.DefaultPostForm("nick", "anonymous")

        c.JSON(200, gin.H{
            "status":  "posted",
            "message": message,
            "nick":    nick,
        })
    })
    router.Run(":8080")
}

另一个示例: query + post form

POST /post?id=1234&page=1 HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

name=manu&message=this_is_great

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()

    router.POST("/post", func(c *gin.Context) {

        id := c.Query("id")
        page := c.DefaultQuery("page", "0")
        name := c.PostForm("name")
        message := c.PostForm("message")

        fmt.Printf("id: %s; page: %s; name: %s; message: %s", id, page, name, message)
    })
    router.Run(":8080")
}

id: 1234; page: 1; name: manu; message: this_is_great

映射为查询字符串或postform参数

POST /post?ids[a]=1234&ids[b]=hello HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

names[first]=thinkerou&names[second]=tianou

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()

    router.POST("/post", func(c *gin.Context) {

        ids := c.QueryMap("ids")
        names := c.PostFormMap("names")

        fmt.Printf("ids: %v; names: %v", ids, names)
    })
    router.Run(":8080")
}

ids: map[b:hello a:1234], names: map[second:tianou first:thinkerou]

上传文件

单个文件

参考 issue #774
, 和详细 示例代码
.

file.Filename
不应该
被信任. 查看
Content-Disposition
on MDN
和 #1693

文件名始终是不可信任的, 不应由应用程序盲目使用: 应删除路径信息, 并转换为服务器文件系统规则.

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()
    // 为表单设置一个较低的内存上限 (默认为 32 MiB)
    // router.MaxMultipartMemory = 8 << 20  // 8 MiB
    router.POST("/upload", func(c *gin.Context) {
        // 单文件上传
        file, _ := c.FormFile("file")
        log.Println(file.Filename)

        // 将文件上传到指定位置dst
        // c.SaveUploadedFile(file, dst)

        c.String(http.StatusOK, fmt.Sprintf("'%s' uploaded!", file.Filename))
    })
    router.Run(":8080")
}

如何 curl
:

curl -X POST http://localhost:8080/upload \
  -F "file=@/Users/appleboy/test.zip" \
  -H "Content-Type: multipart/form-data"

多文件

详细请见 示例代码
.

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()
    // Set a lower memory limit for multipart forms (default is 32 MiB)
    // router.MaxMultipartMemory = 8 << 20  // 8 MiB
    router.POST("/upload", func(c *gin.Context) {
        // Multipart form
        form, _ := c.MultipartForm()
        files := form.File["upload[]"]

        for _, file := range files {
            log.Println(file.Filename)

            // Upload the file to specific dst.
            // c.SaveUploadedFile(file, dst)
        }
        c.String(http.StatusOK, fmt.Sprintf("%d files uploaded!", len(files)))
    })
    router.Run(":8080")
}

如何 curl
:

curl -X POST http://localhost:8080/upload \
  -F "upload[]=@/Users/appleboy/test1.zip" \
  -F "upload[]=@/Users/appleboy/test2.zip" \
  -H "Content-Type: multipart/form-data"

路由分组

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()

    // Simple group: v1
    v1 := router.Group("/v1")
    {
        v1.POST("/login", loginEndpoint)
        v1.POST("/submit", submitEndpoint)
        v1.POST("/read", readEndpoint)
    }

    // Simple group: v2
    v2 := router.Group("/v2")
    {
        v2.POST("/login", loginEndpoint)
        v2.POST("/submit", submitEndpoint)
        v2.POST("/read", readEndpoint)
    }

    router.Run(":8080")
}

默认无中间件的Gin

使用

r := gin.New()

代替

// 默认已添加Logger和Recovery中间件
r := gin.Default()

使用中间件

func main() {
    // 创建一个无中间件的默认路由
    r := gin.New()

    // 注册全局中间件
    // 即使使用GIN_MODE = release进行设置, Logger中间件也会将日志写入 gin.DefaultWriter
    // 默认 gin.DefaultWriter = os.Stdout
    r.Use(gin.Logger())

    // Recovery中间件会恢复panics并写入500错误
    r.Use(gin.Recovery())

    // Per route middleware, you can add as many as you desire.
    r.GET("/benchmark", MyBenchLogger(), benchEndpoint)

    // Authorization group
    // authorized := r.Group("/", AuthRequired())
    // exactly the same as:
    authorized := r.Group("/")
    // per group middleware! in this case we use the custom created
    // AuthRequired() middleware just in the "authorized" group.
    authorized.Use(AuthRequired())
    {
        authorized.POST("/login", loginEndpoint)
        authorized.POST("/submit", submitEndpoint)
        authorized.POST("/read", readEndpoint)

        // nested group
        testing := authorized.Group("testing")
        testing.GET("/analytics", analyticsEndpoint)
    }

    // Listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
    r.Run(":8080")
}

如何写日志文件

func main() {
    // 禁用控制台颜色, 将日志写入文件时不需要控制台颜色
    gin.DisableConsoleColor()

    // 日志写入文件
    f, _ := os.Create("gin.log")
    gin.DefaultWriter = io.MultiWriter(f)

    // 如果需要同时将日志写入文件和控制台, 请使用以下代码
    // gin.DefaultWriter = io.MultiWriter(f, os.Stdout)

    router := gin.Default()
    router.GET("/ping", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.String(200, "pong")
    })

    router.Run(":8080")
}

自定义日志格式

func main() {
    router := gin.New()

    // LoggerWithFormatter 中间件会将日志写入 gin.DefaultWriter
    // By default gin.DefaultWriter = os.Stdout
    router.Use(gin.LoggerWithFormatter(func(param gin.LogFormatterParams) string {

        // your custom format
        return fmt.Sprintf("%s - [%s] \"%s %s %s %d %s \"%s\" %s\"\n",
                param.ClientIP,
                param.TimeStamp.Format(time.RFC1123),
                param.Method,
                param.Path,
                param.Request.Proto,
                param.StatusCode,
                param.Latency,
                param.Request.UserAgent(),
                param.ErrorMessage,
        )
    }))
    router.Use(gin.Recovery())

    router.GET("/ping", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.String(200, "pong")
    })

    router.Run(":8080")
}

日志输出示例

::1 - [Fri, 07 Dec 2018 17:04:38 JST] "GET /ping HTTP/1.1 200 122.767µs "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_11_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/71.0.3578.80 Safari/537.36" "

控制日志输出颜色

默认情况下, 控制台上的日志输出应根据检测到的TTY进行着色.
关闭日志彩色显示:

func main() {
    // 关闭日志控制台着色
    gin.DisableConsoleColor()
    
    // Creates a gin router with default middleware:
    // logger and recovery (crash-free) middleware
    router := gin.Default()
    
    router.GET("/ping", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.String(200, "pong")
    })
    
    router.Run(":8080")
}

保持开启日志彩色显示:

func main() {
    // Force log's color
    gin.ForceConsoleColor()
    
    // Creates a gin router with default middleware:
    // logger and recovery (crash-free) middleware
    router := gin.Default()
    
    router.GET("/ping", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.String(200, "pong")
    })
    
    router.Run(":8080")
}

模型绑定和验证

要将请求body绑定到类型中, 请使用模型绑定. Gin 目前支持JSON, XML, YAML和标准表单值的绑定（foo = bar＆boo = baz）.

Gin 使用
go-playground/validator.v8

进行验证. 查看完整文档 点击此处
.

请注意, 需要在要绑定的所有字段上设置相应的绑定标记. 例如, 从JSON绑定时需要设置 json:"fieldname"
.
此外, Gin 提供了两组绑定方法:

• Type
  – 必须绑定
  • Methods
    – Bind
    , BindJSON
    , BindXML
    , BindQuery
    , BindYAML
    , BindHeader
  • Behavior
    – 这些方法基于 MustBindWith
    实现. 如果出现绑定错误, 则会通过 c.AbortWithError(400, err).SetType(ErrorTypeBind)
    来终止请求. 并且将返回的状态码设置为400并且设置响应头 Content-Type
    的值为 text/plain; charset=utf-8
    . 请注意, 如果你在此之后尝试重新设置相应状态码, 则会发出警告 [GIN-debug] [WARNING] Headers were already written. Wanted to override status code 400 with 422
    . 如果你希望更灵活的控制, 请使用等效的 ShouldBind
    绑定方法.
• Type
  – 应当绑定
  • Methods
    – ShouldBind
    , ShouldBindJSON
    , ShouldBindXML
    , ShouldBindQuery
    , ShouldBindYAML
    , ShouldBindHeader
  • Behavior
    – 这些方法基于 ShouldBindWith
    实现. 如果出现绑定错误, 则错误将会返回, 开发者可以自由处理这些错误.

使用Bind-method时, Gin 会尝试根据请求头 Content-Type
的值来推断该使用何种绑定器. 如果你已确定要绑定的内容, 请使用 MustBindWith
或者 ShouldBindWith
.

你还可以指定特定的字段为必须字段(值非空), 如果某个字段使用 binding:"required"
修饰并且在绑定时值为空, 则将返回错误.

// 从JSON绑定
type Login struct {
    User     string `form:"user" json:"user" xml:"user"  binding:"required"`
    Password string `form:"password" json:"password" xml:"password" binding:"required"`
}

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()

    // Example for binding JSON ({"user": "manu", "password": "123"})
    router.POST("/loginJSON", func(c *gin.Context) {
        var json Login
        if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&json); err != nil {
            c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
            return
        }
        
        if json.User != "manu" || json.Password != "123" {
            c.JSON(http.StatusUnauthorized, gin.H{"status": "unauthorized"})
            return
        } 
        
        c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"status": "you are logged in"})
    })

    // Example for binding XML (
    //  
    //  
    //      user
    //      123
    //  )
    router.POST("/loginXML", func(c *gin.Context) {
        var xml Login
        if err := c.ShouldBindXML(&xml); err != nil {
            c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
            return
        }
        
        if xml.User != "manu" || xml.Password != "123" {
            c.JSON(http.StatusUnauthorized, gin.H{"status": "unauthorized"})
            return
        } 
        
        c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"status": "you are logged in"})
    })

    // Example for binding a HTML form (user=manu&password=123)
    router.POST("/loginForm", func(c *gin.Context) {
        var form Login
        // This will infer what binder to use depending on the content-type header.
        if err := c.ShouldBind(&form); err != nil {
            c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
            return
        }
        
        if form.User != "manu" || form.Password != "123" {
            c.JSON(http.StatusUnauthorized, gin.H{"status": "unauthorized"})
            return
        } 
        
        c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"status": "you are logged in"})
    })

    // Listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
    router.Run(":8080")
}

请求示例

$ curl -v -X POST \
  http://localhost:8080/loginJSON \
  -H 'content-type: application/json' \
  -d '{ "user": "manu" }'
> POST /loginJSON HTTP/1.1
> Host: localhost:8080
> User-Agent: curl/7.51.0
> Accept: */*
> content-type: application/json
> Content-Length: 18
>
* upload completely sent off: 18 out of 18 bytes
< HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request
< Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8
< Date: Fri, 04 Aug 2017 03:51:31 GMT
< Content-Length: 100
<
{"error":"Key: 'Login.Password' Error:Field validation for 'Password' failed on the 'required' tag"}

跳过验证

使用 curl
命令运行上面的示例时将会返回错误. 因为该示例在 Password
字段中使用 binding:"required"
标记了该字段为必须字段. 如果使用 binding:"-"
来标记 Password
字段则不会报错.

自定义验证器

Gin 允许自定义验证器, 请参见 示例代码
.

package main

import (
    "net/http"
    "reflect"
    "time"

    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin/binding"
    "gopkg.in/go-playground/validator.v8"
)

// Booking contains binded and validated data.
type Booking struct {
    CheckIn  time.Time `form:"check_in" binding:"required,bookabledate" time_format:"2006-01-02"`
    CheckOut time.Time `form:"check_out" binding:"required,gtfield=CheckIn" time_format:"2006-01-02"`
}

func bookableDate(
    v *validator.Validate, topStruct reflect.Value, currentStructOrField reflect.Value,
    field reflect.Value, fieldType reflect.Type, fieldKind reflect.Kind, param string,
) bool {
    if date, ok := field.Interface().(time.Time); ok {
        today := time.Now()
        if today.After(date) {
            return false
        }
    }
    return true
}

func main() {
    route := gin.Default()

    if v, ok := binding.Validator.Engine().(*validator.Validate); ok {
        v.RegisterValidation("bookabledate", bookableDate)
    }

    route.GET("/bookable", getBookable)
    route.Run(":8085")
}

func getBookable(c *gin.Context) {
    var b Booking
    if err := c.ShouldBindWith(&b, binding.Query); err == nil {
        c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "Booking dates are valid!"})
    } else {
        c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
    }
}

$ curl "localhost:8085/bookable?check_in=2018-04-16&check_out=2018-04-17"
{"message":"Booking dates are valid!"}

$ curl "localhost:8085/bookable?check_in=2018-03-08&check_out=2018-03-09"
{"error":"Key: 'Booking.CheckIn' Error:Field validation for 'CheckIn' failed on the 'bookabledate' tag"}

Struct level validations
能够以这种方式被注册.
参见 struct-lvl-validation 示例
来了解更多.

只绑定查询字符串

ShouldBindQuery
函数仅绑定查询参数而不是Post数据, 参见 详细信息
.

package main

import (
    "log"

    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

type Person struct {
    Name    string `form:"name"`
    Address string `form:"address"`
}

func main() {
    route := gin.Default()
    route.Any("/testing", startPage)
    route.Run(":8085")
}

func startPage(c *gin.Context) {
    var person Person
    if c.ShouldBindQuery(&person) == nil {
        log.Println("====== Only Bind By Query String ======")
        log.Println(person.Name)
        log.Println(person.Address)
    }
    c.String(200, "Success")
}

绑定查询字符串或 Post 数据

参见 详细信息
.

package main

import (
    "log"
    "time"

    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

type Person struct {
        Name       string    `form:"name"`
        Address    string    `form:"address"`
        Birthday   time.Time `form:"birthday" time_format:"2006-01-02" time_utc:"1"`
        CreateTime time.Time `form:"createTime" time_format:"unixNano"`
        UnixTime   time.Time `form:"unixTime" time_format:"unix"`
}

func main() {
    route := gin.Default()
    route.GET("/testing", startPage)
    route.Run(":8085")
}

func startPage(c *gin.Context) {
    var person Person
    // If `GET`, only `Form` binding engine (`query`) used.
    // If `POST`, first checks the `content-type` for `JSON` or `XML`, then uses `Form` (`form-data`).
    // See more at https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/blob/master/binding/binding.go#L48
        if c.ShouldBind(&person) == nil {
                log.Println(person.Name)
                log.Println(person.Address)
                log.Println(person.Birthday)
                log.Println(person.CreateTime)
                log.Println(person.UnixTime)
        }

    c.String(200, "Success")
}

用以下命令测试:

$ curl -X GET "localhost:8085/testing?name=appleboy&address=xyz&birthday=1992-03-15&createTime=1562400033000000123&unixTime=1562400033"

绑定Uri

参见 详细信息
.

package main

import "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"

type Person struct {
    ID string `uri:"id" binding:"required,uuid"`
    Name string `uri:"name" binding:"required"`
}

func main() {
    route := gin.Default()
    route.GET("/:name/:id", func(c *gin.Context) {
        var person Person
        if err := c.ShouldBindUri(&person); err != nil {
            c.JSON(400, gin.H{"msg": err})
            return
        }
        c.JSON(200, gin.H{"name": person.Name, "uuid": person.ID})
    })
    route.Run(":8088")
}

用以下命令测试:

$ curl -v localhost:8088/thinkerou/987fbc97-4bed-5078-9f07-9141ba07c9f3
$ curl -v localhost:8088/thinkerou/not-uuid

绑定Header

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

type testHeader struct {
    Rate   int    `header:"Rate"`
    Domain string `header:"Domain"`
}

func main() {
    r := gin.Default()
    r.GET("/", func(c *gin.Context) {
        h := testHeader{}

        if err := c.ShouldBindHeader(&h); err != nil {
            c.JSON(200, err)
        }

        fmt.Printf("%#v\n", h)
        c.JSON(200, gin.H{"Rate": h.Rate, "Domain": h.Domain})
    })

    r.Run()

// client
// curl -H "rate:300" -H "domain:music" 127.0.0.1:8080/
// output
// {"Domain":"music","Rate":300}
}

绑定 HTML 复选框

参见 详细信息

main.go

...

type myForm struct {
    Colors []string `form:"colors[]"`
}

...

func formHandler(c *gin.Context) {
    var fakeForm myForm
    c.ShouldBind(&fakeForm)
    c.JSON(200, gin.H{"color": fakeForm.Colors})
}

...

form.html

    Check some colors
    Red
    
    Green
    
    Blue
    
    

结果:

{"color":["red","green","blue"]}

Multipart/Urlencoded 绑定

type ProfileForm struct {
    Name   string                `form:"name" binding:"required"`
    Avatar *multipart.FileHeader `form:"avatar" binding:"required"`

    // or for multiple files
    // Avatars []*multipart.FileHeader `form:"avatar" binding:"required"`
}

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()
    router.POST("/profile", func(c *gin.Context) {
        // you can bind multipart form with explicit binding declaration:
        // c.ShouldBindWith(&form, binding.Form)
        // or you can simply use autobinding with ShouldBind method:
        var form ProfileForm
        // in this case proper binding will be automatically selected
        if err := c.ShouldBind(&form); err != nil {
            c.String(http.StatusBadRequest, "bad request")
            return
        }

        err := c.SaveUploadedFile(form.Avatar, form.Avatar.Filename)
        if err != nil {
            c.String(http.StatusInternalServerError, "unknown error")
            return
        }

        // db.Save(&form)

        c.String(http.StatusOK, "ok")
    })
    router.Run(":8080")
}

用以下命令测试:

$ curl -X POST -v --form name=user --form "avatar=@./avatar.png" http://localhost:8080/profile

XML, JSON, YAML and ProtoBuf rendering

func main() {
    r := gin.Default()

    // gin.H is a shortcut for map[string]interface{}
    r.GET("/someJSON", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "hey", "status": http.StatusOK})
    })

    r.GET("/moreJSON", func(c *gin.Context) {
        // You also can use a struct
        var msg struct {
            Name    string `json:"user"`
            Message string
            Number  int
        }
        msg.Name = "Lena"
        msg.Message = "hey"
        msg.Number = 123
        // Note that msg.Name becomes "user" in the JSON
        // Will output  :   {"user": "Lena", "Message": "hey", "Number": 123}
        c.JSON(http.StatusOK, msg)
    })

    r.GET("/someXML", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.XML(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "hey", "status": http.StatusOK})
    })

    r.GET("/someYAML", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.YAML(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "hey", "status": http.StatusOK})
    })

    r.GET("/someProtoBuf", func(c *gin.Context) {
        reps := []int64{int64(1), int64(2)}
        label := "test"
        // The specific definition of protobuf is written in the testdata/protoexample file.
        data := &protoexample.Test{
            Label: &label,
            Reps:  reps,
        }
        // Note that data becomes binary data in the response
        // Will output protoexample.Test protobuf serialized data
        c.ProtoBuf(http.StatusOK, data)
    })

    // Listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
    r.Run(":8080")
}

SecureJSON

使用 SecureJSON 来防止json劫持. 如果给定的结构的值是数组, 则默认会将 "while(1),"
添加到响应body中.

func main() {
    r := gin.Default()

    // You can also use your own secure json prefix
    // r.SecureJsonPrefix(")]}',\n")

    r.GET("/someJSON", func(c *gin.Context) {
        names := []string{"lena", "austin", "foo"}

        // Will output  :   while(1);["lena","austin","foo"]
        c.SecureJSON(http.StatusOK, names)
    })

    // Listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
    r.Run(":8080")
}

JSONP

使用JSONP从不同域名中的服务器请求数据. 如果callback存在则向响应body中添加callback.

func main() {
    r := gin.Default()

    r.GET("/JSONP", func(c *gin.Context) {
        data := gin.H{
            "foo": "bar",
        }
        
        //callback is x
        // Will output  :   x({\"foo\":\"bar\"})
        c.JSONP(http.StatusOK, data)
    })

    // Listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
    r.Run(":8080")

        // client
        // curl http://127.0.0.1:8080/JSONP?callback=x
}

AsciiJSON

使用 AsciiJSON 将 non-ASCII 字符转义为 ASCII-only JSON 输出.

func main() {
    r := gin.Default()

    r.GET("/someJSON", func(c *gin.Context) {
        data := gin.H{
            "lang": "GO语言",
            "tag":  "
",
        }

        // will output : {"lang":"GO\u8bed\u8a00","tag":"\u003cbr\u003e"}
        c.AsciiJSON(http.StatusOK, data)
    })

    // Listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
    r.Run(":8080")
}

PureJSON

通常, JSON 使用unicode实体来替换特殊的HTML字符, 例如 <
会替换成 \u003c
. 如果要按字面量对这些字符进行编码, 则可以使用 PureJSON.
注意: 这一特性在 Go 1.6 及其以下版本中不可用.

func main() {
    r := gin.Default()
    
    // Serves unicode entities
    r.GET("/json", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.JSON(200, gin.H{
            "html": "Hello, world!",
        })
    })
    
    // Serves literal characters
    r.GET("/purejson", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.PureJSON(200, gin.H{
            "html": "Hello, world!",
        })
    })
    
    // listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
    r.Run(":8080")
}

静态文件服务

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()
    router.Static("/assets", "./assets")
    router.StaticFS("/more_static", http.Dir("my_file_system"))
    router.StaticFile("/favicon.ico", "./resources/favicon.ico")

    // Listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
    router.Run(":8080")
}

从reader中提供数据

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()
    router.GET("/someDataFromReader", func(c *gin.Context) {
        response, err := http.Get("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gin-gonic/logo/master/color.png")
        if err != nil || response.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
            c.Status(http.StatusServiceUnavailable)
            return
        }

        reader := response.Body
        contentLength := response.ContentLength
        contentType := response.Header.Get("Content-Type")

        extraHeaders := map[string]string{
            "Content-Disposition": `attachment; filename="gopher.png"`,
        }

        c.DataFromReader(http.StatusOK, contentLength, contentType, reader, extraHeaders)
    })
    router.Run(":8080")
}

HTML 渲染

Using LoadHTMLGlob() or LoadHTMLFiles()

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()
    router.LoadHTMLGlob("templates/*")
    //router.LoadHTMLFiles("templates/template1.html", "templates/template2.html")
    router.GET("/index", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "index.tmpl", gin.H{
            "title": "Main website",
        })
    })
    router.Run(":8080")
}

templates/index.tmpl

    

        {{ .title }}
    

在不同目录中使用具有相同名称的模板

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()
    router.LoadHTMLGlob("templates/**/*")
    router.GET("/posts/index", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "posts/index.tmpl", gin.H{
            "title": "Posts",
        })
    })
    router.GET("/users/index", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "users/index.tmpl", gin.H{
            "title": "Users",
        })
    })
    router.Run(":8080")
}

templates/posts/index.tmpl

{{ define "posts/index.tmpl" }}

    {{ .title }}

Using posts/index.tmpl

{{ end }}

templates/users/index.tmpl

{{ define "users/index.tmpl" }}

    {{ .title }}

Using users/index.tmpl

{{ end }}

自定义模板渲染

您还可以使用自己的html模板渲染

import "html/template"

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()
    html := template.Must(template.ParseFiles("file1", "file2"))
    router.SetHTMLTemplate(html)
    router.Run(":8080")
}

自定义分隔符

您可以使用自定义分隔符

r := gin.Default()
    r.Delims("{[{", "}]}")
    r.LoadHTMLGlob("/path/to/templates")

自定义模板 Funcs

参见 示例代码
.
main.go

import (
    "fmt"
    "html/template"
    "net/http"
    "time"

    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func formatAsDate(t time.Time) string {
    year, month, day := t.Date()
    return fmt.Sprintf("%d%02d/%02d", year, month, day)
}

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()
    router.Delims("{[{", "}]}")
    router.SetFuncMap(template.FuncMap{
        "formatAsDate": formatAsDate,
    })
    router.LoadHTMLFiles("./testdata/template/raw.tmpl")

    router.GET("/raw", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "raw.tmpl", gin.H{
            "now": time.Date(2017, 07, 01, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC),
        })
    })

    router.Run(":8080")
}

raw.tmpl

Date: {[{.now | formatAsDate}]}

Result:

Date: 2017/07/01

Multitemplate

Gin 允许默认只使用一个 html.Template. 多模板渲染可参见 a multitemplate render

重定向

Gin 发出一个 HTTP 重定向非常容易. 内部重定向和外部重定向都已支持.

r.GET("/test", func(c *gin.Context) {
    c.Redirect(http.StatusMovedPermanently, "http://www.google.com/")
})

使用 HandleContext
发送一个 Router 重定向, 如下

r.GET("/test", func(c *gin.Context) {
    c.Request.URL.Path = "/test2"
    r.HandleContext(c)
})
r.GET("/test2", func(c *gin.Context) {
    c.JSON(200, gin.H{"hello": "world"})
})

自定义中间件

func Logger() gin.HandlerFunc {
    return func(c *gin.Context) {
        t := time.Now()

        // Set example variable
        c.Set("example", "12345")

        // before request

        c.Next()

        // after request
        latency := time.Since(t)
        log.Print(latency)

        // access the status we are sending
        status := c.Writer.Status()
        log.Println(status)
    }
}

func main() {
    r := gin.New()
    r.Use(Logger())

    r.GET("/test", func(c *gin.Context) {
        example := c.MustGet("example").(string)

        // it would print: "12345"
        log.Println(example)
    })

    // Listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
    r.Run(":8080")
}

使用 BasicAuth() 中间件

// simulate some private data
var secrets = gin.H{
    "foo":    gin.H{"email": "foo@bar.com", "phone": "123433"},
    "austin": gin.H{"email": "austin@example.com", "phone": "666"},
    "lena":   gin.H{"email": "lena@guapa.com", "phone": "523443"},
}

func main() {
    r := gin.Default()

    // Group using gin.BasicAuth() middleware
    // gin.Accounts is a shortcut for map[string]string
    authorized := r.Group("/admin", gin.BasicAuth(gin.Accounts{
        "foo":    "bar",
        "austin": "1234",
        "lena":   "hello2",
        "manu":   "4321",
    }))

    // /admin/secrets endpoint
    // hit "localhost:8080/admin/secrets
    authorized.GET("/secrets", func(c *gin.Context) {
        // get user, it was set by the BasicAuth middleware
        user := c.MustGet(gin.AuthUserKey).(string)
        if secret, ok := secrets[user]; ok {
            c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"user": user, "secret": secret})
        } else {
            c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"user": user, "secret": "NO SECRET :("})
        }
    })

    // Listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
    r.Run(":8080")
}

在中间件中使用协程

在中间件或handler中启动一个新协程时, 在新协程中必须使用原始上下文的只读副本来代替原始上下文.

func main() {
    r := gin.Default()

    r.GET("/long_async", func(c *gin.Context) {
        // 创建协程中需要使用的副本
        cCp := c.Copy()
        go func() {
            // simulate a long task with time.Sleep(). 5 seconds
            time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)

            // note that you are using the copied context "cCp", IMPORTANT
            log.Println("Done! in path " + cCp.Request.URL.Path)
        }()
    })

    r.GET("/long_sync", func(c *gin.Context) {
        // simulate a long task with time.Sleep(). 5 seconds
        time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)

        // since we are NOT using a goroutine, we do not have to copy the context
        log.Println("Done! in path " + c.Request.URL.Path)
    })

    // Listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
    r.Run(":8080")
}

自定义 HTTP 配置

直接使用 http.ListenAndServe()
, 如下:

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", router)
}

或者

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()

    s := &http.Server{
        Addr:           ":8080",
        Handler:        router,
        ReadTimeout:    10 * time.Second,
        WriteTimeout:   10 * time.Second,
        MaxHeaderBytes: 1 << 20,
    }
    s.ListenAndServe()
}

支持 Let’s Encrypt

1-line LetsEncrypt HTTPS servers 示例.

package main

import (
    "log"

    "github.com/gin-gonic/autotls"
    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func main() {
    r := gin.Default()

    // Ping handler
    r.GET("/ping", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.String(200, "pong")
    })

    log.Fatal(autotls.Run(r, "example1.com", "example2.com"))
}

自定义autocert管理器示例.

package main

import (
    "log"

    "github.com/gin-gonic/autotls"
    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
    "golang.org/x/crypto/acme/autocert"
)

func main() {
    r := gin.Default()

    // Ping handler
    r.GET("/ping", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.String(200, "pong")
    })

    m := autocert.Manager{
        Prompt:     autocert.AcceptTOS,
        HostPolicy: autocert.HostWhitelist("example1.com", "example2.com"),
        Cache:      autocert.DirCache("/var/www/.cache"),
    }

    log.Fatal(autotls.RunWithManager(r, &m))
}

Gin 运行多服务

参见 Question
并尝试以下示例:

package main

import (
    "log"
    "net/http"
    "time"

    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
    "golang.org/x/sync/errgroup"
)

var (
    g errgroup.Group
)

func router01() http.Handler {
    e := gin.New()
    e.Use(gin.Recovery())
    e.GET("/", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.JSON(
            http.StatusOK,
            gin.H{
                "code":  http.StatusOK,
                "error": "Welcome server 01",
            },
        )
    })

    return e
}

func router02() http.Handler {
    e := gin.New()
    e.Use(gin.Recovery())
    e.GET("/", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.JSON(
            http.StatusOK,
            gin.H{
                "code":  http.StatusOK,
                "error": "Welcome server 02",
            },
        )
    })

    return e
}

func main() {
    server01 := &http.Server{
        Addr:         ":8080",
        Handler:      router01(),
        ReadTimeout:  5 * time.Second,
        WriteTimeout: 10 * time.Second,
    }

    server02 := &http.Server{
        Addr:         ":8081",
        Handler:      router02(),
        ReadTimeout:  5 * time.Second,
        WriteTimeout: 10 * time.Second,
    }

    g.Go(func() error {
        return server01.ListenAndServe()
    })

    g.Go(func() error {
        return server02.ListenAndServe()
    })

    if err := g.Wait(); err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
}

优雅重启或停止

想要优雅地重启或停止Web服务器吗？以下方法可以做到这一点.

可以使用 fvbock/endless
替换默认的 ListenAndServe
. 参考 issue #296
获取更多细节.

router := gin.Default()
router.GET("/", handler)
// [...]
endless.ListenAndServe(":4242", router)

endless 的替代库:

• manners
  : A polite Go HTTP server that shuts down gracefully.
• graceful
  : Graceful is a Go package enabling graceful shutdown of an http.Handler server.
• grace
  : Graceful restart & zero downtime deploy for Go servers.

如果你使用的是 Go 1.8 及其以上, 则可能不需要使用这些库. 使用http.Serve的内建 Shutdown()
方法可以进行优雅关闭. 查看 Gin优雅关闭
的全部示例.

// +build go1.8

package main

import (
    "context"
    "log"
    "net/http"
    "os"
    "os/signal"
    "syscall"
    "time"

    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()
    router.GET("/", func(c *gin.Context) {
        time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)
        c.String(http.StatusOK, "Welcome Gin Server")
    })

    srv := &http.Server{
        Addr:    ":8080",
        Handler: router,
    }

    go func() {
        // service connections
        if err := srv.ListenAndServe(); err != nil && err != http.ErrServerClosed {
            log.Fatalf("listen: %s\n", err)
        }
    }()

    // Wait for interrupt signal to gracefully shutdown the server with
    // a timeout of 5 seconds.
    quit := make(chan os.Signal)
    // kill (no param) default send syscall.SIGTERM
    // kill -2 is syscall.SIGINT
    // kill -9 is syscall.SIGKILL but can't be catch, so don't need add it
    signal.Notify(quit, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM)
    <-quit
    log.Println("Shutdown Server ...")

    ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
    defer cancel()
    if err := srv.Shutdown(ctx); err != nil {
        log.Fatal("Server Shutdown:", err)
    }
    // catching ctx.Done(). timeout of 5 seconds.
    select {
    case <-ctx.Done():
        log.Println("timeout of 5 seconds.")
    }
    log.Println("Server exiting")
}

构建带模板的二进制文件

你可以使用 go-assets
构建包含模板的单个二进制文件.

func main() {
    r := gin.New()

    t, err := loadTemplate()
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    r.SetHTMLTemplate(t)

    r.GET("/", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "/html/index.tmpl",nil)
    })
    r.Run(":8080")
}

// loadTemplate loads templates embedded by go-assets-builder
func loadTemplate() (*template.Template, error) {
    t := template.New("")
    for name, file := range Assets.Files {
        if file.IsDir() || !strings.HasSuffix(name, ".tmpl") {
            continue
        }
        h, err := ioutil.ReadAll(file)
        if err != nil {
            return nil, err
        }
        t, err = t.New(name).Parse(string(h))
        if err != nil {
            return nil, err
        }
    }
    return t, nil
}

查看 完整示例

自定义结构绑定表单数据请求

以下示例使用自定义结构:

type StructA struct {
    FieldA string `form:"field_a"`
}

type StructB struct {
    NestedStruct StructA
    FieldB string `form:"field_b"`
}

type StructC struct {
    NestedStructPointer *StructA
    FieldC string `form:"field_c"`
}

type StructD struct {
    NestedAnonyStruct struct {
        FieldX string `form:"field_x"`
    }
    FieldD string `form:"field_d"`
}

func GetDataB(c *gin.Context) {
    var b StructB
    c.Bind(&b)
    c.JSON(200, gin.H{
        "a": b.NestedStruct,
        "b": b.FieldB,
    })
}

func GetDataC(c *gin.Context) {
    var b StructC
    c.Bind(&b)
    c.JSON(200, gin.H{
        "a": b.NestedStructPointer,
        "c": b.FieldC,
    })
}

func GetDataD(c *gin.Context) {
    var b StructD
    c.Bind(&b)
    c.JSON(200, gin.H{
        "x": b.NestedAnonyStruct,
        "d": b.FieldD,
    })
}

func main() {
    r := gin.Default()
    r.GET("/getb", GetDataB)
    r.GET("/getc", GetDataC)
    r.GET("/getd", GetDataD)

    r.Run()
}

使用 curl
命令查看结果:

$ curl "http://localhost:8080/getb?field_a=hello&field_b=world"
{"a":{"FieldA":"hello"},"b":"world"}
$ curl "http://localhost:8080/getc?field_a=hello&field_c=world"
{"a":{"FieldA":"hello"},"c":"world"}
$ curl "http://localhost:8080/getd?field_x=hello&field_d=world"
{"d":"world","x":{"FieldX":"hello"}}

尝试绑定body到不同的结构

绑定请求body的常规方法使用 c.Request.Body
, 并且不支持多次调用.

type formA struct {
  Foo string `json:"foo" xml:"foo" binding:"required"`
}

type formB struct {
  Bar string `json:"bar" xml:"bar" binding:"required"`
}

func SomeHandler(c *gin.Context) {
  objA := formA{}
  objB := formB{}
  // This c.ShouldBind consumes c.Request.Body and it cannot be reused.
  if errA := c.ShouldBind(&objA); errA == nil {
    c.String(http.StatusOK, `the body should be formA`)
  // Always an error is occurred by this because c.Request.Body is EOF now.
  } else if errB := c.ShouldBind(&objB); errB == nil {
    c.String(http.StatusOK, `the body should be formB`)
  } else {
    ...
  }
}

为此, 可以使用 c.ShouldBindBodyWith
.

func SomeHandler(c *gin.Context) {
  objA := formA{}
  objB := formB{}
  // This reads c.Request.Body and stores the result into the context.
  if errA := c.ShouldBindBodyWith(&objA, binding.JSON); errA == nil {
    c.String(http.StatusOK, `the body should be formA`)
  // At this time, it reuses body stored in the context.
  } else if errB := c.ShouldBindBodyWith(&objB, binding.JSON); errB == nil {
    c.String(http.StatusOK, `the body should be formB JSON`)
  // And it can accepts other formats
  } else if errB2 := c.ShouldBindBodyWith(&objB, binding.XML); errB2 == nil {
    c.String(http.StatusOK, `the body should be formB XML`)
  } else {
    ...
  }
}

• c.ShouldBindBodyWith
  在绑定之前将body存储到context中. 这样做会轻微影响性能, 如果只需要执行一次绑定则不应使用此方法.
• 只有某些格式需要此特性 – JSON
  , XML
  , MsgPack
  , ProtoBuf
  . 对于其他格式, Query
  , Form
  , FormPost
  , FormMultipart
  ,
  可以由 c.ShouldBind()
  多次调用而不影响性能 (详见 #1341
  ).

http2 服务器推送

http.Pusher 仅支持 go1.8+
. 详见 golang blog
详细介绍.

package main

import (
    "html/template"
    "log"

    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

var html = template.Must(template.New("https").Parse(`


  
  


  
Welcome, Ginner!


`))

func main() {
    r := gin.Default()
    r.Static("/assets", "./assets")
    r.SetHTMLTemplate(html)

    r.GET("/", func(c *gin.Context) {
        if pusher := c.Writer.Pusher(); pusher != nil {
            // use pusher.Push() to do server push
            if err := pusher.Push("/assets/app.js", nil); err != nil {
                log.Printf("Failed to push: %v", err)
            }
        }
        c.HTML(200, "https", gin.H{
            "status": "success",
        })
    })

    // Listen and Server in https://127.0.0.1:8080
    r.RunTLS(":8080", "./testdata/server.pem", "./testdata/server.key")
}

定义路由日志的格式

默认路由格式:

[GIN-debug] POST   /foo                      --> main.main.func1 (3 handlers)
[GIN-debug] GET    /bar                      --> main.main.func2 (3 handlers)
[GIN-debug] GET    /status                   --> main.main.func3 (3 handlers)

如果要以给定格式 (例如JSON, key-value或其他内容) 记录信息, 则可以使用 gin.DebugPrintRouteFunc
定义此格式.
在下面的示例中, 我们使用标准日志包记录所有路由,但你可以使用其他适合需求的日志工具.

import (
    "log"
    "net/http"

    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func main() {
    r := gin.Default()
    gin.DebugPrintRouteFunc = func(httpMethod, absolutePath, handlerName string, nuHandlers int) {
        log.Printf("endpoint %v %v %v %v\n", httpMethod, absolutePath, handlerName, nuHandlers)
    }

    r.POST("/foo", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.JSON(http.StatusOK, "foo")
    })

    r.GET("/bar", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.JSON(http.StatusOK, "bar")
    })

    r.GET("/status", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.JSON(http.StatusOK, "ok")
    })

    // Listen and Server in http://0.0.0.0:8080
    r.Run()
}

Cookie 操作

import (
    "fmt"

    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func main() {

    router := gin.Default()

    router.GET("/cookie", func(c *gin.Context) {

        cookie, err := c.Cookie("gin_cookie")

        if err != nil {
            cookie = "NotSet"
            c.SetCookie("gin_cookie", "test", 3600, "/", "localhost", false, true)
        }

        fmt.Printf("Cookie value: %s \n", cookie)
    })

    router.Run()
}

测试

net/http/httptest
包是HTTP测试的首选方式.

package main

func setupRouter() *gin.Engine {
    r := gin.Default()
    r.GET("/ping", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.String(200, "pong")
    })
    return r
}

func main() {
    r := setupRouter()
    r.Run(":8080")
}

测试上面的代码示例:

package main

import (
    "net/http"
    "net/http/httptest"
    "testing"

    "github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
)

func TestPingRoute(t *testing.T) {
    router := setupRouter()

    w := httptest.NewRecorder()
    req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", "/ping", nil)
    router.ServeHTTP(w, req)

    assert.Equal(t, 200, w.Code)
    assert.Equal(t, "pong", w.Body.String())
}

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