dotNET Core 中怎样操作 AD？

• 将第三方数据源数据（人事系统）同步到 AD 中
• 将 AD 数据同步到自己的数据库中

本文将介绍在 dotNET Core 中使用 Novell.Directory.Ldap 将 AD 数据同步到数据库的操作。

环境

• dotNET Core：2.1
• Novell.Directory.Ldap.NETStandard2_0：3.1.0

安装 Novell.Directory.Ldap 包

在 VS2019 中添加 NuGet 包引用，如下图：

安装完成后，在类中添加 using Novell.Directory.Ldap;
引用便可使用相关的 API 方法了。

同步思路

1、连接 AD
2、遍历所有需要同步的根 OU
3、递归的方式进行部门和人员的同步操作

基本操作

同步方法

public bool Sync()
{
    ADConnect();
if (_connection == null)
    {
throw new Exception("AD连接错误，请确认AD相关信息配置正确!");
    }

bool result = true;
    List entryList = this.GetRootEntries(_adPaths, _adHost);
    _org = new Org();
    _user = new User();
    Org rootOrg = _org.GetRootOrg();
foreach (LdapEntry entry in entryList)
    {
        SyncDirectoryEntry(entry, rootOrg, entry);
    }

return result;
}

连接 AD

public bool ADConnect()
{
    _adHost = "192.168.16.160";
string adAdminUserName = "administrator";
string adAdminPassword = "123456";
    _adPaths =new string[] { "OU=oec2003,DC=COM,DC=cn" };

if ((string.IsNullOrEmpty(_adHost) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(adAdminUserName)) ||
string.IsNullOrEmpty(adAdminPassword))
    {
return false;
    }
try
    {
        _connection = new LdapConnection();
        _connection.Connect(_adHost, LdapConnection.DEFAULT_PORT);
        _connection.Bind(adAdminUserName, adAdminPassword);
    }
catch
    {
return false;
    }

return true;
}

递归操作

private void SyncDirectoryEntry(LdapEntry rootEntry, Org parentOrg, LdapEntry currentEntry)
{
    List entryList = currentEntry.Children(_connection);
foreach (LdapEntry entry in entryList)
    {
if (entry.IsOrganizationalUnit())
        {
            Org org = this.SyncOrgFromEntry(rootEntry, parentOrg, entry);
this.SyncDirectoryEntry(rootEntry, org, entry);
        }
else if (entry.IsUser())
        {
this.SyncUserFromEntry(rootEntry, parentOrg, entry);
        }
    }
}

同步部门

private Org SyncOrgFromEntry(LdapEntry rootEntry, Org parentOrg, LdapEntry entry)
{
string orgId = entry.Guid().ToLower();
    Org org = this._org.GetOrgById(orgId) as Org;
if (org != null)
    {
if (entry.ContainsAttr("ou"))
        {
            org.Name = entry.getAttribute("ou").StringValue + string.Empty;
        }
//设置其他属性的值
        _org.UpdateOrg(org);
return org;
    }
    org = new Org
    {
        Id = orgId,
        ParentId = parentOrg.Id,
    };

//设置其他属性的值
this._org.AddOrg(org);
return org;
}

同步用户

private User SyncUserFromEntry(LdapEntry rootEntry, Org parentOrg, LdapEntry entry)
{
    string userId = entry.Guid().ToLower();
    User user = this._user.GetUserById(userId);
if (user != null)
    {
        user.ParentId = parentOrg.Id;
//设置其他属性的值
this._user.UpdateUser(user);

return user;
    }
    user = new User
    {
        Id = userId,
        ParentId = parentOrg.Id
    };
//设置其他属性的值
this._user.AddUser(user);
return user;
}

辅助方法

为了方便代码的编写和复用，将一些操作提取到了扩展方法中。

获取 Entry 的 GUID

public static string Guid(this LdapEntry entry)
{
var bytes = (byte[])(entry.getAttribute("objectGUID").ByteValue as object);
var guid = new Guid(bytes);
return guid.ToString();
}

获取 Entry 的 子级

public static List Children(this LdapEntry entry, LdapConnection connection)
{
//string filter = "(&(objectclass=user))";
List entryList = new List();
    LdapSearchResults lsc = connection.Search(entry.DN, LdapConnection.SCOPE_ONE, "objectClass=*", null, false);
if (lsc == null) return entryList;

while (lsc.HasMore())
    {
        LdapEntry nextEntry = null;
try
        {
            nextEntry = lsc.Next();

if (nextEntry.IsUser() || nextEntry.IsOrganizationalUnit())
            {
                entryList.Add(nextEntry);
            }
        }
catch (LdapException e)
        {
continue;
        }
    }
return entryList;
}

判断 Entry 是否为用户

public static bool IsUser(this LdapEntry entry)
{
return entry.ObjectClass().Contains("user");
}

判断 Entry 是否为部门

public static bool IsOrganizationalUnit(this LdapEntry entry)
{
return entry.ObjectClass().Contains("organizationalunit");
}

获取 Entry 的修改时间

public static DateTime WhenChanged(this LdapEntry entry)
{
string value = entry.getAttribute("whenChanged").StringValue;
if (value.Split('.').Length > 1)
    {
value = value.Split('.')[0];
    }
    DateTime whenChanged = DateTime.ParseExact(value, "yyyyMMddHHmmss", System.Globalization.CultureInfo.CurrentCulture);
return whenChanged;
}

判断 Entry 中属性是否存在

public static bool ContainsAttr(this LdapEntry entry, string attrName)
{
    LdapAttribute ldapAttribute = new LdapAttribute(attrName);
return entry.getAttributeSet().Contains(ldapAttribute);
}

根据名称获取 Entry 中的属性值

public static string AttrStringValue(this LdapEntry entry, string attrName)
{
if (!entry.ContainsAttr(attrName))
    {
return string.Empty;
    }
return entry.getAttribute(attrName).StringValue;
}

总结

文中没有做更多文字性的介绍，可以从下面链接中下载代码进行调试就很容易理解了。

参考

示例代码：https://github.com/oec2003/StudySamples/tree/master/DotNetCoreAdDemo/DotNetCoreAdDemo
官方文档：https://www.novell.com/documentation/developer/ldapcsharp/?page=/documentation/developer/ldapcsharp/cnet/data/front.html
祝大家国庆假期快乐！