用Swift5.1实现iOS中的远程推送流程

级别： ★★☆☆☆

标签：「iOS」「Swift 」「Push」

作者： dac_1033

审校： QiShare团队

我们之前发过关于推送的文章 iOS 推送通知及通知扩展 ，其中介绍了推送相关流程及代码实现，不过使用OC实现的，现在我们就来介绍一下在iOS10.0以上系统中，用Swift处理远程推送通知的相关流程及实现。

1. 远程推送的流程

苹果官方提供的远程推送通知的传递示意图如下：

各关键组件之间的交互细节：

不论实现的语言是OC该是Swift，远程推送流程都是一样的，只是根据iOS版本的不同，注册推送的方法、收到推送是的回调方法会有不同。

2. 实现远程推送功能的准备工作

• 在开发者账号中，创建AppID，并为AppID开通推送权限；

• 生成并下载安装推送证书、描述文件；

• APP端的工程设置界面，capabilities页面下，将“Push Notifications”设置为ON。

3. 不同iOS版本间推送通知的区别

• aps串的格式变化

// iOS10.0 之前： 
{"aps":{"alert":{"body": "This is a message"},"sound":"default","badge":1}}
//iOS 10 基础Payload：
{"aps":{"alert":{"title":"I am title","subtitle":"I am subtitle","body":"I am body"},"sound":"default","badge":1}}复制代码

• 注册通知 iOS10.0 之前

//iOS8以下 
[application registerForRemoteNotificationTypes:UIRemoteNotificationTypeBadge | UIRemoteNotificationTypeAlert | UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound];
//iOS8 - iOS10
[application registerUserNotificationSettings:[UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIUserNotificationTypeSound | UIUserNotificationTypeBadge categories:nil]];复制代码

iOS10.0 及以后

// OC
UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];
UNAuthorizationOptions options = UNAuthorizationOptionBadge | UNAuthorizationOptionSound | UNAuthorizationOptionAlert;
[center requestAuthorizationWithOptions:options completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {

}

// Swift
UNUserNotificationCenter.current().requestAuthorization(options: [.alert, .sound, .badge]{          granted, error in}复制代码

• 获取推送设置 iOS10.0 之前是不能获取推送设置的，iOS 10 还可以实时获取用户当前的推送的设置信息：

@available(iOS 10.0, *)
open class UNNotificationSettings : NSObject, NSCopying, NSSecureCoding {

    open var authorizationStatus: UNAuthorizationStatus { get }
    open var soundSetting: UNNotificationSetting { get }
    open var badgeSetting: UNNotificationSetting { get }
    open var alertSetting: UNNotificationSetting { get }
    open var notificationCenterSetting: UNNotificationSetting { get }
    open var lockScreenSetting: UNNotificationSetting { get }
    open var carPlaySetting: UNNotificationSetting { get }
    open var alertStyle: UNAlertStyle { get }
}

//获取设置
UNUserNotificationCenter.current().getNotificationSettings {
    settings in print(settings.authorizationStatus) // .authorized | .denied | .notDeterminedprint(settings.badgeSetting) // .enabled | .disabled | .notSupported
}复制代码

2 UserNotifications

iOS10.0 及之后iOS加入了UserNotifications框架，Swift中的这个框架包括了以下库：

import UserNotifications.NSString_UserNotifications
import UserNotifications.UNError
import UserNotifications.UNNotification
import UserNotifications.UNNotificationAction
import UserNotifications.UNNotificationAttachment
import UserNotifications.UNNotificationCategory
import UserNotifications.UNNotificationContent
import UserNotifications.UNNotificationRequest
import UserNotifications.UNNotificationResponse
import UserNotifications.UNNotificationServiceExtension
import UserNotifications.UNNotificationSettings
import UserNotifications.UNNotificationSound
import UserNotifications.UNNotificationTrigger
import UserNotifications.UNUserNotificationCenter复制代码

3. 需要实现的代码

• 注册远程推送 要先导入UserNotifications头文件，注册逻辑如下：

// 在AppDelegate的didFinishLaunchingWithOptions方法中注册远程推送通知
// - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(nullable NSDictionary *)launchOptions NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(3_0);

// 注册远程推送通知
func registerNotifications(_ application: UIApplication) {        if #available(iOS 10.0, *) {let center = UNUserNotificationCenter.current()
            center.delegate = self
            center.getNotificationSettings { (setting) inif setting.authorizationStatus == .notDetermined {
                    center.requestAuthorization(options: [.badge,.sound,.alert]) { (result, error) inif(result){if !(error != nil){
                                // 注册成功
                                DispatchQueue.main.async {
                                    application.registerForRemoteNotifications()
                                }
                            }
                        } else{
                            //用户不允许推送
                        }
                    }
                } else if (setting.authorizationStatus == .denied){
                    // 申请用户权限被拒
                } else if (setting.authorizationStatus == .authorized){
                    // 用户已授权（再次获取dt）
                    DispatchQueue.main.async {
                        application.registerForRemoteNotifications()
                    }
                } else {
                    // 未知错误
                }
            }
        }
    }复制代码

• 处理deviceToken：

func application(_ application: UIApplication, didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken deviceToken: Data) {  
  let dtDataStr = NSData.init(data: deviceToken)  let dtStr = dtDataStr.description.replacingOccurrences(of: "", with: "").replacingOccurrences(of: " ", with: "")
 // 上报deviceToken

func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError error: Error) {
        
   // 弹窗提示
}复制代码

• 处理接收到的推送信息：

// UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate

// The method will be called on the delegate only if the application is in the foreground. 
// If the method is not implemented or the handler is not called in a timely manner then the notification will not be presented. 
// The application can choose to have the notification presented as a sound, badge, alert and/or in the notification list. 
// This decision should be based on whether the information in the notification is otherwise visible to the user.
- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center willPresentNotification:(UNNotification *)notification withCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UNNotificationPresentationOptions options))completionHandler __IOS_AVAILABLE(10.0) __TVOS_AVAILABLE(10.0) __WATCHOS_AVAILABLE(3.0) __OSX_AVAILABLE(10.14);

// The method will be called on the delegate when the user responded to the notification by opening the application, dismissing the notification or choosing a UNNotificationAction. 
// The delegate must be set before the application returns from application:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:.
- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center didReceiveNotificationResponse:(UNNotificationResponse *)response withCompletionHandler:(void(^)(void))completionHandler __IOS_AVAILABLE(10.0) __WATCHOS_AVAILABLE(3.0) __OSX_AVAILABLE(10.14) __TVOS_PROHIBITED;

// The method will be called on the delegate when the application is launched in response to the user's request to view in-app notification settings. 
// Add UNAuthorizationOptionProvidesAppNotificationSettings as an option in requestAuthorizationWithOptions:completionHandler: to add a button to inline notification settings view and the notification settings view in Settings. 
// The notification will be nil when opened from Settings.
- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center openSettingsForNotification:(nullable UNNotification *)notification __IOS_AVAILABLE(12.0) __OSX_AVAILABLE(10.14) __WATCHOS_PROHIBITED __TVOS_PROHIBITED;复制代码

写好代码并设置好证书后，可以使用测试工具Pusher和真机测试一下…

小编微信：可加并拉入《QiShare技术交流群》。

关注我们的途径有：

QiShare(简书)

QiShare(掘金)

QiShare(知乎)

QiShare(GitHub)

QiShare(CocoaChina)

QiShare(StackOverflow)

QiShare(微信公众号)